If you haven’t tried it already, you could run chkdsk to see if the filesystem needs repairing. You can do it from the command-line^[1] or also through the drive properties > Tools > Check button.

[1] https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows-server/administration/windows-commands/chkdsk?tabs=event-viewer

chkdsk
/f 	Fixes errors on the disk. The disk must be locked. If chkdsk cannot lock the drive, a message appears 
        that asks you if you want to check the drive the next time you restart the computer.