I know this is more hardware related, so please let me know if I should move this post elsewhere.
I built my first server earlier this year, and put buying a UPS on the back burner. Unfortunately for me, this might have already been my biggest mistake since going down this rabbit hole. The rental I’ll be in for at least another 10 months has some questionable wiring (a lot of rooms/outlets wired to the same breaker), which I believe has created some electrical anomalies and possibly killed some of my computer components. The memory on my PC went first, and now the 7-month-old PSU on my server is toast.
Bear in mind, I am not an electrician, so I could be entirely wrong on why this has happened. Regardless, it’s time I invest in a UPS. I have searched forums, blogs, YouTube, and cannot find consistent pros and cons for any of the big manufacturers. It seems like APC and CyberPower are the two big consumer grade manufacturers, which is probably what I should be looking at.
Here is what my server currently consists of:
| Type | Item | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| CPU | Intel Core i3-10100 | |
| CPU Cooler | Thermalright Peerless Assassin | |
| Motherboard | MSI MAG B560M | |
| Memory | Corsair Vengeance LPX 32 GB (2 x 16 GB) DDR4-2666 CL16 Memory | |
| Storage | Crucial P3 1 TB NVME SSD | X2 |
| Storage | Hitachi Ultrastar He12 12 TB HDD | |
| Storage | Western Digital Ultrastar DC HC520 12 TB HDD | X2 |
| Case | Fractal Design Define 7 | |
| Power Supply | be quiet! Pure Power 12 M 550 | Replacement until I finish the RMA process on the dead power supply. |
| OS | Unraid | |
| Estimated Wattage | 238W | I have not tested this personally, but I will say the server is never really being stressed all that much. |
Any recommendations would be greatly appreciated!
I have 5 300 VA units, 2x cheap brand, 2x CyberPower, 1x Eaton.
I think 2 of them don’t have a transformer.Does it matter? All have a 9 Ah 12 V battery.
It will last few to 20 minutes maybe.
No issues so far (battery capacity loss excluded).Recently, as someone recommends, all batteries are outside of UPS enclosure,
lower temperature. Which could affect battery lifetime.More power, more money 👀
Keep an eye on woot.com they have open box stuff all the time for decent discounts
Despite some of the comments here, I suggest that you don’t overthink it; just buy an APC Back-UPS 600VA and be done with it. You have relatively low power requirements. The UPS will provide some surge protection (490J), several minutes of uptime, and a USB connection for automated shutdown.
The 600VA unit is less than $100 USD and replacement batteries are about half that. I’ve been using several of this same model for years without issue and we have many brown/blackouts being in a rural BC community. The batteries have lasted me 4-5 years.
You can always plan for something more significant down the road, if your hardware or needs change, but this should do fine in the interim.
APC is cheap garbage.
If you are concerned about the power quality causing damage, you want an online or double-conversion UPS. Those ones don’t even bother trying to condition power, they run off the battery all the time.
I don’t have a whole lot of experience, but Eaton has been reliable. People also recommend Tripp-Lite and Cyberpower but they’ve always seemed cheap to me.
I’ve been running a pair of cyberpower systems for over a decade. I had to replace the battery in each of them once, but they’ve been working great.
I assume newer ones use some sort of Li-Ion battery tech, but mine are just plain old Lead Acid.
If you can afford it see if Eaton has a smaller tower UPS suitable for you.
Build your own just for fun. That’s homelab style
I will not recommend it if you don’t have enough experience.
Fire hazard.
It doesn’t sound like you need a UPS. It sounds like you needed automatic voltage regulator.
It’ll condition the power so it’s clean, and if it’s not clean it’ll cut the power off.
Many good UPS’s have a voltage regulator built in, but then you have the hassle the battery and everything. Up to you depends on what’s easier to find for you locally
UPS does this already. It’s safer with a battery for a number of reasons if faulty wiring is a concern.
oh interesting, what reasons make the ups safer?
So I’ll just speak very generally, and assume you mean power conditioner, because generally a PCU does the VRU stuff, but not always the reverse.
So let’s say you plug a VRU into a faulty socket: the regulator will only power up the passthrough port when it has the input source stabilized to meet whatever it’s conditions are, and then it provides power - cool. What happens when that faulty wiring starts flipping on and off super fast, or has a drain for more than 5 seconds that doesn’t meet the line input conditions? Dead output.
Now let’s say we plug in a UPS which has all of the above features, but the wiring goes to fault - UPS beeps and provides power from the battery. No loss in power, and the server isn’t going down and rebooting many times throughout the day.
Anecdotally (meaning I’ve seen this hundreds of times live, but never seen a study), a UPS can take a LOT more punishment from power SURGES like lightning strikes, which I would be concerned about if the wiring is also faulty. There may be no proper grounding or surge protection in the building he’s describing if the power is this bad.
PCU: power conditioner unit?
VRU: voltage regulator unit?
While the UPS does have lots of upside, there are some downsides to consider:
Battery is a consumable, off gas venting, perhaps active cooling fan noise
Yes to the acronyms.
I’ve not heard of any “gas venting” for these small batteries, but maybe I’m not up to speed on that.
As far as active cooling fans, that would only be while on battery, not a constant thing. In the case of just preventing line faults from flipping the current on and off, only a battery will prevent that and stop damage to a PSU.
